The role of antifungal agents
Antifungal agents are chemicals that prevent materials and objects from becoming moldy and deteriorating. Generally speaking, after molds are treated with anti-mold agents, many biological characteristics have changed, such as reproduction, spore formation, spore germination, cell mitosis, respiration, and other physiological, biochemical reactions and metabolic activities, etc., will be affected, thereby inhibiting The growth and reproduction of molds will ultimately achieve the purpose of controlling molds.
1. Destroy cell structure
(1) Damage to the cell wall The fungal cell wall is composed of mannan, glucan, protein, cellulose and chitin. Some antibacterial substances can competitively inhibit the enzyme reaction that synthesizes the cell wall constituents, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of the fungal cell wall .
(2) Destroy the cell membrane. Because the cell membrane is a highly selective semi-permeable membrane, its main physiological function is to control the transportation and exchange of nutrients and metabolic wastes inside and outside the cell. The main components of cell membranes are protein, lipids and a small amount of carbohydrates. It is composed of upper and lower layers of phospholipid molecules and sterol and protein molecules embedded in between. Once the cell membrane is destroyed, a large amount of water in the cell will be lost, and various ions, enzymes, coenzymes and intermediate products will leak out of the cell, causing the cell to autolyze, thereby inhibiting the growth and reproduction of mold-rot microorganisms. , To achieve the purpose of inhibiting or killing fungi.
(3) Destroy the structure of protein. Without protein, there would be no life activity. Some antifungal agents can interact with the sulfhydryl and amino groups of the protein to destroy the three-dimensional conformation of the enzyme protein. Some antifungal agents can decompose proteins and destroy the lipophilic bonds between protein chains. If the protein structure is destroyed, the life activity of the mold will be inhibited, and the cell will die as a result.
2. Affect metabolism
(1) Inhibition of enzyme activity One of the basic characteristics of mold is metabolism. It includes anabolism and catabolism. Enzyme is a kind of protein with catalytic effect. All metabolic activities in the organism are carried out by enzymes. It can accelerate the chemical reaction in the organism and make the reaction change in a certain order. In short, if the structure or activity of the enzyme is destroyed, the growth and reproduction of the fungus will be inhibited, and even die.
(2) Inhibition of respiration
