The main active ingredient of leather mildew protection agent
The earliest leather mildew protection agent was p-nitrophenol used in 1934, and then β-naphthol, p-chloro-xylenol, salicylaniline and tetrachlorophenol were used. At present, there are the following types of anti-mildew agents for leather:
(1) Inorganic compounds: hypochlorous acid and its salts, sodium chlorite, potassium permanganate, iodide, boric acid and its salts, sulfites and pyrosulfites, etc. These compounds are mainly used as auxiliary components in mildew prevention products.
(2) Organic phenols and halogenated phenols: phenols mainly include cresol, phenol, tar phenol, benzylphenol, acetaphthol, aminophenol, etc., while halogenated phenols mainly include chlorophenol, dichlorophenol, bromo-phenol, p-chloro-m-xylenol,2, 2-methylene dichlorophenol, etc. These compounds used to be the most used anti-mildew agents, but with the increasingly strict environmental regulations, the use of this type of anti-mildew agents has been limited, and has been gradually replaced by other compounds.
(3) Alcohol compounds: benzyl alcohol, ethanol, halogenated nitroalkanols, etc. These compounds are also currently used mainly as adjunct components in mildew prevention products.
(4) Aldehyde compounds: formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, halogenated cinnamaldehyde, furanaldehyde, etc. At present, due to the strict requirement of formaldehyde content in leather, the application prospect of this kind of compound as leather mold prevention agent is not good.
(5) Organic acid compounds: sorbate and its salts, benzoic acid and its salts, chloroacetic acid, halophenoxyacetic acid, alkyl thiocyanic acid, halosalicylic acid, thiosalicylic acid, etc. The mildew resistance of this kind of compound is greatly affected by pH value. Generally, it is only suitable for use under acidic conditions, and the inhibition effect on mold is not too strong. At present, it is mainly mixed with other kinds of compounds, or used as auxiliary synergistic ingredients.
(6) Ester compounds: halogenated salicylate hydroxybenzoate ester, halogenated vinyl phenyl ester, halogenated phenyl acetate, pentachlorophenyl dodecanoate α, β-unsaturated carboxylate ester, etc. The toxicity of these compounds is relatively low, especially α-β-unsaturated carboxylate has better effect on mold, which is a kind of potential development of mold prevention agents.
(7) Amide compounds: haloacetamide, salicylanilide, aminobenzylsulfonamide, tetrachloro-resorcinonitrile. This kind of compound is one of the effective components of mildew prevention agent commonly used at present, and its mildew prevention effect is better.
(8) Quaternary ammonium compounds: dodecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (Geramine), dodecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (new Geramine), alkyl pyridine hydrochloride, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (1631), etc. Due to their low toxicity, wide sterilization spectrum and high efficiency, these compounds have been widely used in sterilization and disinfection of surgical operations and medical instruments. Sterilization and algal destruction of industrial circulating water treatment; Oilfield water treatment; Anticorrosion of construction industry; Agriculture, forestry, sericulture disinfection fungicide and family, public health washing disinfection. In the tannery industry, quaternary ammonium salt compounds are generally used as leather preservatives, and less used as leather anti-mildew agent. At present, it is also a research direction to develop new bactericidal components of quaternary ammonium salt for leather mildew control.
(9) heterocyclic compounds: benzimidazole, benzothiazole, mercaptobenzimidazole and its salts, hexahydrotrihydroxyethyl triazine, nitropyridine, 8-hydroxyquinoline and its salts, benzoisothiazolone, dimethithiazine, etc. At present, most leather mildew protection agents are heterocyclic compounds as effective components, with low toxicity, broad sterilization spectrum and good mildew control effect. It is estimated that in the future for a long time, the development of new heterocyclic compound sterilization group is still the mainstream direction of leather mildew protection agent development.
(10) Organic sulfur compounds: bistrichlorosulfoxide, allicin, bisbenzoyl disulfide, halohuman pyridine methyl sulfide, mercapto pyridine, pentachlorothiophenol, etc. More organic sulfur compounds are used as active components in leather mildew protection agents. For example,2-(thiocyanyl methyl sulfur) benzothiazole (TCMTB) is also often classified as organic sulfur compounds.
(11) Inorganic nano materials: nano TiO2, nano SiO2, nano ZnO, etc. The development of inorganic nanomaterials is currently a hot topic in the development of anti-bacterial and anti-mold agents for leather, but most of them are in the initial stage. The real use of nano-leather anti-mold products has not been reported.
